Submerged arc furnace is a kind of electro metallurgical equipment with complex structure. It is composed of electric furnace body, high current conductor (short network), furnace transformer, charging system, cooling system, electrode system, high and low voltage power distribution system, smoke exhaust and dust removal system, monitoring and automation system, tapping and slag removal system, etc.

The high-voltage power provided by the power grid is converted into low-voltage high current by the submerged arc furnace transformer. Then, the current is sent to the electrode through the high current conductor, and then sent to the furnace through the carbon electrode. Resistance heat is generated between the charge around the electrode and the arc heat generated at the end of the electrode to convert electric energy into heat energy, so as to form a high-temperature reaction zone in the furnace body for the reduction reaction of metal oxide ore. Generally, carbonaceous reducing agents such as coke are used, and coke and reduced metal oxide ore raw materials are continuously added to the furnace. The reduction reaction in the reaction zone continues, and the obtained liquid products are accumulated in the molten pool, and the discharge port is opened regularly for discharge. The molten metal is poured to obtain alloy products, and the slag is water quenched or poured for reuse.

There are two kinds of submerged arc furnaces, one is a circular submerged arc furnace and the other is a rectangular submerged arc furnace. Because a large amount of flue gas is produced in the smelting production of submerged arc furnace, according to the flue gas capture mode, the circular submerged arc furnace can be divided into three types: semi closed furnace, high smoke hood open furnace and closed furnace, and the furnace body can be fixed and rotated. Rectangular submerged arc furnace is generally a closed structure with fixed furnace body.

Because the smoke hood is hung on the furnace body, it causes serious environmental pollution and high energy consumption to our environment, which is not in line with our sustainable development strategy. The open furnace with high smoke hood has been phased out.

The submerged arc furnace uses a smoke hood to close the furnace mouth, and the side of the smoke hood is provided with an operation door. The feeding system and smoke exhaust and dust removal system look like closed furnace, so we also call it semi closed furnace. The combustion flame on the furnace surface is large, but the radiation and heat dissipation on the furnace surface is reduced. According to the technical level of the manufacturer and some differences in production parameters, the consumption index of this submerged arc furnace will be quite different, the energy utilization rate will be quite different, and the treatment level of flue gas released in the production process will be different. The flue gas purification devices of some manufacturers can use the steam generated by high-temperature flue gas to realize the utilization of waste heat, and the energy utilization rate has been greatly improved.

The closed submerged arc furnace is completely closed to the furnace body and isolated from the air, so the furnace surface is not burned, and the gas generated in the furnace is purified after being extracted by the air extraction equipment. Closed furnace generally has large capacity and high degree of automation. Due to the existence of closed furnace, the amount of flue gas is greatly reduced, which reduces the energy consumption of flue gas dust removal system. Generally, the flue gas is comprehensively utilized, such as steam production, waste heat power generation, raw material drying and used as gas. The dust collected by the dust collector can be reused, with low comprehensive energy consumption and high element recovery rate.

Well, for more information about submerged arc furnace, please pay attention to the official website of submerged arc furnace: http://www.ayynd.com/