Electric energy is the main energy for electric arc furnace steelmaking. The electric energy can generate up to 2000 ~ 6000 ℃ through the discharge arc between graphite electrode and furnace charge. The above high temperature melts the scrap raw material through arc radiation, temperature convection and heat conduction. In most of the time when the charge melts, the high-temperature heat source is surrounded by the charge, and the heat loss caused by high-temperature waste gas is relatively small, so the thermal efficiency is higher than that of converter and other steelmaking equipment. In addition, the electric heating is easy to accurately control the furnace temperature, and can be heated under the conditions of oxidation atmosphere or recovery atmosphere, atmospheric pressure or vacuum according to the process requirements.


Electric arc furnace has the advantages of short steelmaking process, simple equipment, convenient operation, convenient pollution control, less construction investment and small floor area. It does not need to rely on complex ironmaking system like converter steelmaking.


Electric arc furnace steelmaking has strong adaptability to furnace charge and takes scrap as the main raw material, but molten iron (blast furnace or cupola molten iron) and sponge iron (DRI) or Hot Briquette (HBI), solid and liquid iron containing raw materials, such as pig iron, can also be used.


As the atmosphere of electric arc furnace steelmaking furnace is controllable and the operation of slag adjustment or replacement is convenient, complex process operations such as melting, decarburization, dephosphorization, degassing, inclusion removal, temperature control and composition adjustment (alloying) can be completed in the same operating system. EAF steelmaking can be produced intermittently, and the production varieties can be changed flexibly within a certain range. In addition, modern electric arc furnace can also use a lot of auxiliary energy, such as heavy (light) oil, pulverized coal, natural gas and so on. Therefore, EAF steelmaking process has strong adaptability, flexible operation and wide application.


Electric arc furnace can not only smelt high-quality steel with low phosphorus, sulfur and oxygen content, but also use lead, boron, vanadium, titanium, rare earth and other elements for alloying to produce ball bearing steel, stainless steel acid resistant steel, tool steel, electrical steel, heat-resistant steel, magnetic materials, special alloys and other high-quality steel and alloy steel.


Well, the above is the introduction of relevant information about EAF steelmaking. For more details, please refer to the official website: http://www.ayynd.com/


Key words: submerged arc furnace DC submerged arc furnace DC electric arc furnace