Industrial silicon production is the most sophisticated industry in ferroalloy production. Each operator is required to undergo strict training, master the key points and process elements of each link of production, and be aware of them. Only in this way can the production management be standardized and refined to produce high-grade industrial silicon.



Technical operation responsibilities of smelter

① Ensure high-temperature smelting, minimize heat loss and keep the formation and damage of SiC in relative balance.

② The charge is mixed evenly and then added into the furnace.

③ The normal smelting operation procedure is to deposit material - accumulate hot material - add new material - stew and cover.

④ Feed perpendicular to the electrode, not tangent. The falling point is about 100mm away from the electrode, and it is not allowed to scatter the furnace charge.

⑤ The shape and distribution of furnace charge shall be reasonable. After centralized charging, the charge surface shall be in the shape of steamed bread, and the charge surface shall be 200-300mm higher than the furnace mouth.

⑥ The furnace shall be rammed during each shift, and the rammed adhesive shall be crushed and pushed to the furnace core.

⑦ When sinking and tamping the furnace, move quickly and do not collide with the electrode, copper tile and water jacket.

⑧ Feed according to the melting condition of the furnace charge, and try to match the feeding amount, material consumption and silicon output.

⑨ Maintain a reasonable material layer structure, and the rammed furnace charge will sink underground. Do not turn over the furnace.

⑩ When using iron tools to sink and tamp the furnace, move quickly to avoid melting the shovel and tamping rod.

(11) carbonaceous reducing agents such as wood blocks can be stacked separately on the feeding platform. When the sedimentation is completed or the furnace condition is treated, first add wood blocks to the pit at the root of the electrode, and then add mixture to cover it.

(12) carefully observe the instrument and coordinate other personnel to control the pressure and release of electrodes with computer to make the three electrodes operate in balance.



⒀ know the changes of electric furnace current and voltage at any time and make appropriate adjustments.



Technical operation responsibilities of tapping workers

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① Under normal circumstances, 3-4 furnaces are produced in each shift to produce silicon as quickly as possible with large flow.

② Clean the furnace hole and runner before discharging, and prepare the discharging tools and materials.

③ Before using the burnthrough device, remove the slagging silicon outside the furnace nozzle with the steel drill to keep the furnace hole clean φ About 150mm

The bell mouth shape of the furnace, and then burn the furnace hole with a burnthrough device. It can be poked with a steel drill without a burnthrough.

④ When the flow is small, poke the furnace hole with a wooden stick, pull the slag, and use a burnthrough to assist in silicon removal.

⑤ Remove the garbage around and inside the furnace hole before blocking the furnace, repair the furnace hole with a burner until it is smooth, and then block the hole to a depth exceeding or reaching the thickness of the furnace wall.

⑥ When plugging, if the furnace gas pressure is too high to block, power off and plug the hole.

⑦ The furnace outlet and the vicinity of the silicon ladle shall be kept dry. Ponding is prohibited to prevent hole running and explosion.

⑧ The refining products shall be carried out according to the scheme, and the gas supply, refining time and the proportion of slag forming agent shall not be changed at will. Pay attention to safety during refining to prevent accidents such as splashing of silicon liquid and excessive oxygen tempering.

⑨ Before pouring, the ingot mold shall be repaired and the slag retaining rod shall be placed. An appropriate amount of qualified silicon particles can be placed at the bottom of the ingot mold or coated with release agent to protect the ingot mold.

⑩ During pouring, when the silicon ladle is poured until the silicon liquid is about to flow out, stop for a moment to stabilize the silicon slag, and then make the silicon liquid slowly flow into the buffer tank from the ladle nozzle.

(11) when the industrial silicon ingot is cooled to dark red, it shall be lifted out of the ingot mold with a special sling and transferred to the cooling room. Quenching with water is strictly prohibited.


Electrotechnical operation responsibilities

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① Work with certificates, abide by the power supply and consumption system, and closely cooperate with the substation and production command.

② Electricians should have four skills: principle, maintenance, wiring and operation

③ When the transformer needs (except on load voltage regulation) shift, maintenance or long-term shutdown maintenance, the electric furnace transformer must be powered off.

④ Check whether there is any abnormality in the high-voltage cabinet (panel) every 2h. If there is burning odor, redness, heating and other phenomena, power off immediately and deal with them quickly.

⑤ Check and patrol the electrical equipment of the whole plant, know well about the key parts, and take the opportunity to repair when the boiler is shut down for maintenance.

⑥ The equipment shall not be in good condition for more than 10h every month.

⑦ Before the electric furnace transformer is powered on, open the oil-water cooler first, check that the water pressure does not exceed 0.15Mpa, and the water outlet is not hot.

⑧ The power transmission after long-term power failure or overhaul shall be commanded by the electrician on duty, instrument worker and production personnel, and the current shall be gradually transmitted from small to large.


Technical operation responsibilities of instrument workers

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① The power distribution worker shall follow the instructions of the person in charge of production and electrician and follow the power supply and consumption system.

② Keep an eye on the instrument and electric furnace, grasp the changes of current and voltage at any time, make certain adjustments when necessary, and pay attention to electrode sliding and copper tile arcing.

③ Before power transmission, lift the electrode for about 200mm and then switch on the power transmission. After the load is stable, insert the electrode to the rated load. Low load power transmission and full load power supply.

④ The three-phase current shall be balanced, and the maximum fluctuation shall not exceed 20%.

⑤ Switch on before inserting the electrode for power transmission, and lift the electrode before opening in case of power failure. If the electrode slips and the copper tile strikes an arc, the power can be cut off immediately.

⑥ When the power failure time is long, move the electrode. Once every 10 minutes in the first hour and once every half an hour thereafter.

⑦ If the electrode is bonded with the furnace charge, the transformer should be y for power transmission, try to loosen the electrode as soon as possible, and resume normal production after the adhesive around the electrode is opened.

⑧ Operate the reverse pulling or pressing of the electrode.

⑨ Make comprehensive and detailed records of various power distribution operations.



Reprinted from: submerged arc furnace